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MalwareUsed by 4 actors

SpyNote

SpyNote is an Android remote access trojan (RAT) / spyware family, also referred to in the content as SpyMax and noted as the basis for Android.SpyMax. It is used to provide extensive remote control and surveillance over infected Android devices. Reported capabilities include collection of precise location data, contacts, SMS messages, call information and call logs, device identifiers and SIM/IMSI data, files, screenshots, and installed-app information; camera access; ambient audio recording; accessibility-enabled on-screen monitoring and keystroke logging; overlay-based credential phishing; SMS interception including banking OTP theft; SMS sending; dynamic code loading; and abuse of device administrator privileges for persistence and to hinder removal. The content also notes use of raw TCP sockets for command-and-control, reflection to evade static analysis, SharedPreferences to store C2 configuration and tokens, and anti-analysis/emulator-detection behavior.

Observed infection and delivery vectors in the content are malicious Android APKs disguised as legitimate apps, including fake utility or messaging apps, WhatsApp-delivered payloads, Facebook-promoted fake apps, and phishing pages or fake app lures. One analyzed sample disguised as "GoosApp" (package elimination.kitchen.secured) was identified with high confidence as SpyNote/SpyMax and requested numerous dangerous permissions including RECORD_AUDIO, ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION, READ_SMS, SEND_SMS, READ_CALL_LOG, SYSTEM_ALERT_WINDOW, CAMERA, READ_CONTACTS, storage access, and device-admin-related capabilities. VirusTotal detections in the content labeled such samples as trojan.spymax/spynote, and YARA matches highlighted dynamic DEX loading, premium-rate SMS fraud, and emulator checks.

The malware has been associated in the content with multiple campaigns and threat contexts. CYFIRMA described a targeted attack against high-value individuals in Southern Asia using SpyNote-generated Android payloads delivered via WhatsApp and attributed it to an unknown threat actor, while noting prior use of SpyNote by groups including OilRig (APT34), APT-C-37, and OilAlpha. ESET documented a BladeHawk campaign active since at least March 2020 targeting the Kurdish ethnic group via Facebook-distributed Android backdoors including SpyNote. Volexity identified likely related SpyNote-based Android APKs in a broader Storm Cloud campaign targeting Tibetan individuals and organizations. The content also states SpyNote-based campaigns have targeted government agencies, NGOs, media organizations, financial institutions, activists, and Android users more broadly, and that spyware growth on Android was significantly driven by SpyNote.

High-confidence indicators and artifacts directly mentioned in the content include the C2 IP 182.191.122.219 from one CYFIRMA-reported campaign; SHA-256 hashes 8AA1A66E03596C0EBA6F91FB081DDB4081F43B02D421E069C6BE8BBF5D399B89, 0552137AAA2C9419C8843D50BCB15A4C80913ED47EB71C5E5AB9B5AC257944ED, 6127DAF756865EE089BA83EFDADEBDA2C047026A698759DE09127D0DFE630E8D, and A70089301FF628F09B90B269F6E8F5C6B5AE0B3073028ABCC62FEC9D2F1C954C from that campaign; and for the GoosApp SpyNote/SpyMax sample, SHA-256 7129d6c57182f4e53a4fd0f6aac15de30ffc5bfa34bc639a19ee39d2856b3c07, MD5 b2c5e29222f57cf91d30d37b8ec54cc3, package name elimination.kitchen.secured, certificate SHA-256 465983f7791f2abeb43ea2cbdc7f21a8260b72bc08a55c839fc1a43bc741a81e, receiver elimination.kitchen.AdminReceiver, and accessibility service gdflvwzqcjwsyigjsmgjolyskkyyhnfrhdsyyrxpmdzmoavvhj6nSsAP24. The content also notes that SpyNote C2 servers and phishing pages have been hosted on Proton66 / related infrastructure.

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THREAT ACTORS

Groups observed using it

4 distinct threat actors attributed by public researchers. Open in Mallory to see the full evidence chain and overlapping campaigns.

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OilRig

This sample, attributed to an unknown threat actor, was generated using the Spynote Remote Administration Tool.

via cyfirma othercyfirma.com
OilAlpha

This sample, attributed to an unknown threat actor, was generated using the Spynote Remote Administration Tool.

via cyfirma othercyfirma.com
APT-C-37

This sample, attributed to an unknown threat actor, was generated using the Spynote Remote Administration Tool.

via cyfirma othercyfirma.com
BladeHawk

This campaign has been active since at least March 2020, distributing (via dedicated Facebook profiles) two Android backdoors known as 888 RAT and SpyNote, disguised as legitimate apps.

via eset welivesecurity blogwelivesecurity.com
MITRE ATT&CK

Techniques & procedures

6 distinct techniques documented for this family, organized by ATT&CK tactic.

T1548Abuse Elevation Control MechanismEvidence1

// HOOK 11: Device Admin - Detect admin privilege abuse

Stealth

2 techniques
T1027Obfuscated Files or InformationEvidence1
TacticStealth

"dynamic payload decryption and DEX element injection... control flow and identifier obfuscation applied to the C2 logic"

T1027.007Dynamic API ResolutionEvidence1
TacticStealth

// HOOK 10: Reflection Calls - Detect hidden API invocations // SpyNote uses reflection to evade static analysis

T1071Application Layer ProtocolEvidence1

// HOOK 9: Network Connections - Capture C2 communications // SpyNote uses raw TCP sockets for C2

Impact

2 techniques
T1485Data DestructionEvidence1
TacticImpact

console.log(' [ADMIN] CRITICAL : wipeData () called! Device wipe attempted! Flags : ' + flags);

T1565Data ManipulationEvidence1
TacticImpact

// HOOK 12: SharedPreferences - Capture config/token storage // SpyNote stores C2 config and tokens in SharedPreferences

INDICATORS OF COMPROMISE

IOCs tracked for this family

40 indicators attributed across vendor reports, sandbox runs, and researcher write-ups. Full values are available in Mallory.

View more in app
Network
4 tracked

IPs, domains, and DNS infrastructure linked to this family.

Hashes
9 tracked

File hashes (MD5, SHA-1, SHA-256) from samples and reports.

Other
27 tracked

Other indicator types observed in public reporting.

TypeValueLatest sighting
hash.md5●●●●●●●●●●●●View more in app2 months ago
domain●●●●●●●●●●●●View more in app2 months ago
hash.sha256●●●●●●●●●●●●View more in app1 year ago
hash.sha256●●●●●●●●●●●●View more in app1 year ago
hash.sha256●●●●●●●●●●●●View more in app1 year ago
ip.v4●●●●●●●●●●●●View more in app1 year ago
ACTIVITY FEED

Recent activity

13 sources tracked across advisories, community write-ups, and news. New activity surfaces here as Mallory finds it.

What this page doesn’t show

The version that knows your environment.

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IOC matching40

Match every observed IP, domain, and hash against your live telemetry.

Threat actor attribution4

Named campaigns wielding this family, with evidence pinned to each claim.

Exploited vulnerabilities

CVEs this family uses for access and lateral movement.

Detection signatures

YARA, Sigma, Snort, and vendor rules, auto-deployed to your SIEM.

MITRE ATT&CK mapping6

Every documented technique, ranked by evidence weight.

Researcher chatter

Reddit, Mastodon, and CTI community discussion around this family.