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Mallory
MalwareUsed by 1 actorExploits 3 CVEs

Chopper

Chopper, commonly referred to as China Chopper, is a web shell used for post-compromise access on web servers, particularly IIS and Microsoft Exchange servers. The provided content associates it with rapid deployment after initial exploitation to facilitate hands-on-keyboard activity. Reported use cases include installation following exploitation of Microsoft Exchange vulnerabilities in 2021 and in targeted Exchange attacks in August 2022 chaining CVE-2022-41040 and CVE-2022-41082, where attackers used the Chopper web shell for access, Active Directory reconnaissance, and data exfiltration. Trend Micro reported Chopper web shells being dropped via Exchange flaws in January 2021. Cisco Talos also described Chinese-speaking threat activity tracked as UAT-6382 exploiting CVE-2025-0994 in Trimble Cityworks and then deploying IIS web shells including AntSword, chinatso/Chopper, and Behinder on underlying IIS servers. Additional reporting in the content describes attacks on South Korean web servers where attackers exploited file upload vulnerabilities to install ASP/ASPX web shells including Chopper, Godzilla, and ReGe-ORG for persistence. The content links Chopper to reconnaissance behavior reflected in Sigma detection coverage, including commands and activity mapped to discovery techniques such as host, user, and account enumeration. High-confidence context in the content ties Chopper to Chinese-speaking or likely state-sponsored intrusion activity, Exchange server compromises, IIS web server persistence, and follow-on reconnaissance and exfiltration.

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EXPLOITED CVES

Vulnerabilities exploited

3 CVEs Mallory has correlated with this family across public research and vendor advisories. Each row links to the full Mallory page for that vulnerability.

3 CVES
CVE-2025-0994Remote Code Execution in Trimble Cityworks Deserialization

Post-compromise activity involves the rapid deployment of web shells such as AntSword and chinatso/Chopper on the underlying IIS web servers.

via talosintelligence otherblog.talosintelligence.com
CVE-2022-41040ProxyNotShell SSRF in Microsoft Exchange Server

MSTIC observed activity related to a single activity group in August 2022 that achieved initial access and compromised Exchange servers by chaining CVE-2022-41040 and CVE-2022-41082 in a small number of targeted attacks. These attacks installed the Chopper web shell to facilitate hands-on-keyboard access, which the attackers used to perform Active Directory reconnaissance and data exfiltration.

via microsoft security blogmicrosoft.com
CVE-2022-41082ProxyNotShell RCE in Microsoft Exchange Server PowerShell

MSTIC observed activity related to a single activity group in August 2022 that achieved initial access and compromised Exchange servers by chaining CVE-2022-41040 and CVE-2022-41082 in a small number of targeted attacks. These attacks installed the Chopper web shell to facilitate hands-on-keyboard access, which the attackers used to perform Active Directory reconnaissance and data exfiltration.

via microsoft security blogmicrosoft.com
THREAT ACTORS

Groups observed using it

1 distinct threat actor attributed by public researchers. Open in Mallory to see the full evidence chain and overlapping campaigns.

View more details
UAT-6382

Post-compromise activity involves the rapid deployment of web shells such as AntSword and chinatso/Chopper on the underlying IIS web servers.

via talosintelligence otherblog.talosintelligence.com
MITRE ATT&CK

Techniques & procedures

4 distinct techniques documented for this family, organized by ATT&CK tactic.

Initial Access

1 technique
T1190Exploit Public-Facing ApplicationEvidence1

Volexity spots attacks that use unknown vulnerabilities in Exchange... Microsoft releases updates to plug 4 zero-day flaws.

Persistence

1 technique
T1505.003Web ShellEvidence2

Dubex said the victims it investigated in January had a “web shell” backdoor installed via the “unifying messaging” module... Trend Micro publishes a blog post about “Chopper” web shells being dropped via Exchange flaws.

Discovery

1 technique
T1018Remote System DiscoveryEvidence1

“…used to perform Active Directory reconnaissance…”

Exfiltration

1 technique
T1041Exfiltration Over C2 ChannelEvidence1

“…used to perform Active Directory reconnaissance and data exfiltration.”

What this page doesn’t show

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IOC matching

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Threat actor attribution1

Named campaigns wielding this family, with evidence pinned to each claim.

Exploited vulnerabilities3

CVEs this family uses for access and lateral movement.

Detection signatures

YARA, Sigma, Snort, and vendor rules, auto-deployed to your SIEM.

MITRE ATT&CK mapping4

Every documented technique, ranked by evidence weight.

Researcher chatter

Reddit, Mastodon, and CTI community discussion around this family.