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Malware

CRESCENTHARVEST

CRESCENTHARVEST is a Windows malware payload (implemented as a sideloaded DLL, notably as version.dll) that functions as both a remote access trojan (RAT) and information stealer. It has been reported by Acronis TRU in a campaign assessed as likely Iran-aligned and targeting Iranian citizens domestically and abroad, including supporters of Iran’s ongoing protests, for information theft and long-term espionage.

Infection chain / delivery: Victims are lured with protest-themed content delivered in a RAR archive containing legitimate images/videos and malicious Windows shortcut files using double extensions (e.g., *.jpg.lnk, *.mp4.lnk). When executed, the LNK launches a PowerShell-based chain (including nested headless conhost.exe, cmd.exe, and PowerShell) that drops/extracts an embedded ZIP to %TEMP% and displays benign decoy media to reduce suspicion. Persistence is established via a scheduled task triggered by Windows NetworkProfile connectivity events (EventID 10000). The final payload is deployed via DLL sideloading (DLL search order hijacking) using a legitimate Google-signed executable software_reporter_tool.exe (Chrome cleanup utility; certificate noted as expired in 2024) to load malicious DLLs including version.dll (CRESCENTHARVEST) and urtcbased140d_d.dll.

Capabilities / behavior: CRESCENTHARVEST supports command execution and host profiling, including enumerating installed antivirus/security tools via WMI (root\SecurityCenter2) and enumerating local user accounts via NetUserEnum. It performs keylogging using a low-level keyboard hook (SetWindowsHookExA with WH_KEYBOARD_LL), appending keystrokes to C:\Windows\System32\spool\Drivers\color\daT.txt and exfiltrating the file when it approaches ~2,000 bytes before deleting it. It steals browser data (credentials, cookies, history) from browsers including Chrome, Edge, and Firefox, staging data under Windows Temp (including a sysdriver directory) for exfiltration. It also targets Telegram Desktop by copying session/profile data to C:\Windows\Temp\tdata, compressing it, uploading it, and removing traces.

Related module: The sideloaded urtcbased140d_d.dll is described as a C++ implant that extracts and decrypts Chrome app-bound encryption keys (via COM interfaces and the browser Local State file), writes a decrypted key to decrypted_appbound_key.txt under APPDATA, and shares the recovered key to another local process via a named pipe to enable decryption of stolen browser data. Acronis noted overlap with the open-source project ChromElevator.

C2 / network: CRESCENTHARVEST uses WinHTTP and JSON-based C2 over HTTPS, periodically beaconing with content such as {"Identifier":"admin"} and receiving responses like {"action":"ok"} or action commands. Reported C2 infrastructure includes servicelog-information[.]com and IP 185.242.105.230.

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MITRE ATT&CK

Techniques & procedures

30 distinct techniques documented for this family, organized by ATT&CK tactic.

Reconnaissance

1 technique
T1589Gather Victim Identity InformationEvidence1

"Iranian citizens domestically and abroad are being targeted with a new Windows backdoor named CRESCENTHARVEST... likely the work of Iranian authorities."

Initial Access

2 techniques
T1566PhishingEvidence2

“…lure victims into opening malicious .LNK files disguised as protest-related images or videos… The payload… is deployed via DLL sideloading…”

T1566.001Spearphishing AttachmentEvidence1

"this campaign may have begun with a spear phishing attack... The victim will eventually receive a collection of files, grouped in an archive (.RAR file)..."

Execution

7 techniques
T1053.005Scheduled TaskEvidence1

"establishes persistence by creating a scheduled task... configured to execute in response to a Windows NetworkProfile event (EventID 10000)"

T1059Command and Scripting InterpreterEvidence1

Supported commands include: "shell , to run shell commands" and "to execute commands"

T1059.001PowerShellEvidence2

"contains PowerShell code to retrieve another ZIP archive"; command list includes "ps , to run PowerShell commands (not working)"

T1059.003Windows Command ShellEvidence1

"spawn cmd.exe, which in turn launches PowerShell"; "shell Shell command execution"

T1204.002Malicious FileEvidence3

"two of the files in this archive are malicious .LNK shortcuts disguised as benign media content... each of the files contains a malicious script which will run upon execution of the file."

T1559.002Dynamic Data ExchangeEvidence1

"exfiltration of the decrypted key... by using a named pipe to send it to another local process... shared with the second module through the pipe"

T1574.001DLLEvidence1

"payload... deployed via DLL sideloading using a signed Google executable... loads the two malicious DLLs using LoadLibraryExA with no explicit path specification... allowing for DLL search order hijacking."

Persistence

1 technique
T1053.005Scheduled TaskEvidence1

"establishes persistence by creating a scheduled task... configured to execute in response to a Windows NetworkProfile event (EventID 10000)"

Privilege Escalation

1 technique
T1053.005Scheduled TaskEvidence1

"establishes persistence by creating a scheduled task... configured to execute in response to a Windows NetworkProfile event (EventID 10000)"

Stealth

6 techniques
T1027Obfuscated Files or InformationEvidence1

"performs PEB walking to avoid static API imports... traversing the InMemoryOrderModuleList to locate kernel32.dll... applying a simple XOR decryption routine... resolving the API."

T1036MasqueradingEvidence1

"masquerade as an image or a video file by using the double extension trick (*.jpg.lnk or *.mp4.lnk)"

T1070Indicator RemovalEvidence1

"deletes the evidence... DeleteFileA"; "After exfiltration, the malware deletes all traces by recursively removing the staging directory and archive."

T1218System Binary Proxy ExecutionEvidence1

“…DLL sideloading using a signed Google executable file.”

T1497Virtualization/Sandbox EvasionEvidence2

"Anti , to run anti-analysis checks"

T1574.001DLLEvidence1

"payload... deployed via DLL sideloading using a signed Google executable... loads the two malicious DLLs using LoadLibraryExA with no explicit path specification... allowing for DLL search order hijacking."

Credential Access

4 techniques
T1056.001KeyloggingEvidence3

"implements a Windows low-level keyboard hook (WH_KEYBOARD_LL)... registers this hook via SetWindowsHookExA... appends to... daT.txt... uploads it to C2"

T1528Steal Application Access TokenEvidence1

"harvests... Telegram desktop account data"; commands: "Tel_s , to steal Telegram session data"

T1539Steal Web Session CookieEvidence1

"packages these files and transmits them... cookies.txt"

T1555.003Credentials from Web BrowsersEvidence2

"extract saved login data... The stolen information is decrypted when necessary... names such as credentials.txt, cookies.txt, history.txt."

Discovery

6 techniques
T1082System Information DiscoveryEvidence1

"reads the NtBuildNumber... to determine the Windows version and build number... performs extensive target enumeration, including... public IP, username, region"

T1087Account DiscoveryEvidence1

"enumerates local user accounts on the device"; command: "GetUser , to get user information"

T1087.001Local AccountEvidence1

"GetUsers command enumerates all local user accounts... using NetUserEnum()... returns a JSON-formatted list to C2"

T1497Virtualization/Sandbox EvasionEvidence2

"Anti , to run anti-analysis checks"

T1518Software DiscoveryEvidence1

"lists installed antivirus products and security tools"; "harvests system metadata"; command: "Info , to steal system information"

T1518.001Security Software DiscoveryEvidence1

"enumerates the security environment... querying WMI... connects to the root\SecurityCenter2 namespace... identify installed antivirus products"

Collection

3 techniques
T1005Data from Local SystemEvidence1

"detect and steal complete Telegram Desktop account data... copies the entire profile to C:\Windows\Temp\tdata , compresses it into a ZIP file, and uploads it"

T1056.001KeyloggingEvidence3

"implements a Windows low-level keyboard hook (WH_KEYBOARD_LL)... registers this hook via SetWindowsHookExA... appends to... daT.txt... uploads it to C2"

T1560.001Archive via UtilityEvidence1

"compresses it into a ZIP file, and uploads it to the C2 server"; "extracts a ZIP archive from a designated area within the .LNK file"

Command and Control

3 techniques
T1071.001Web ProtocolsEvidence2

"employs Windows Win HTTP APIs to communicate with its command-and-control (C2) server (servicelog-information[.]com), allowing it to blend in with regular traffic"

T1105Ingress Tool TransferEvidence2

"it can load certain dynamic-load-libraries... by specifying the path of the library file, along with the respective command from the C2 server."

T1219Remote Access ToolsEvidence1

“It functions as both a remote access trojan and information stealer, capable of executing commands…” / “NetSupport RAT infections…” / “MIMICRAT… delivers Custom RAT…”

Exfiltration

1 technique
T1041Exfiltration Over C2 ChannelEvidence2

“…exfiltrating sensitive victim data.” / “download them via Command & Control (C2)” (SharePoint tool)

ACTIVITY FEED

Recent activity

4 sources tracked across advisories, community write-ups, and news. New activity surfaces here as Mallory finds it.

ctoatncsc substackNews
Feb 21, 2026
CTO at NCSC Summary: week ending February 22nd

Dual-purpose remote access trojan and information stealer delivered via DLL sideloading (using a signed Google executable), with command execution, keylogging, and data exfiltration capabilities.

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the hacker newsNews
Feb 19, 2026
CRESCENTHARVEST Campaign Targets Iran Protest Supporters With RAT Malware

Remote access tool and information stealer delivered via LNK files and DLL sideloading (using a legitimate Google-signed Chrome cleanup binary). Supports command execution, system and user enumeration, keylogging, and theft of browser data (history, cookies, credentials) and Telegram Desktop session data; communicates to C2 over WinHTTP.

Read more
risky biz rssNews
Feb 18, 2026
Supply chain attack plants backdoor on Android tablets

Windows backdoor used in a campaign targeting Iranian citizens (domestic and diaspora), particularly individuals linked to anti-government protests.

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acronis blogNews
Feb 17, 2026
CRESCENTHARVEST: Iranian protestors and dissidents targeted in cyberespionage campaign

Custom implant deployed via malicious .LNK lures and DLL sideloading using a signed Google Software Reporter Tool binary. Implements two main modules: (1) decrypts Chrome app-bound encryption keys via COM elevation broker and passes them via named pipe; (2) backdoor/stealer (keylogging via WH_KEYBOARD_LL, browser credential/cookie/history theft for Chrome/Edge/Firefox, Telegram Desktop session theft, system/AV enumeration via WMI, host profiling, command execution, file exfiltration) with some anti-analysis (Job Objects 'Process on a Diet', PEB-walking/dynamic API resolution). Communicates with C2 over HTTPS using JSON and WinHTTP/WinINet APIs.

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MITRE ATT&CK mapping30

Every documented technique, ranked by evidence weight.

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