Skip to main content
Mallory
Back to malware
MalwareRansomwareUsed by 2 actors

WAVESHAPER.V2

WAVESHAPER.V2 is a cross-platform remote access trojan/backdoor delivered in the 2026 npm supply-chain compromise of the Axios package. Poisoned Axios versions 1.14.1 and 0.30.4 pulled in the malicious dependency plain-crypto-js, whose postinstall dropper deployed WAVESHAPER.V2 on Windows, macOS, and Linux. Reporting describes platform-specific variants including a native C++ Mach-O binary for macOS, a PowerShell-based Windows variant, and a Python-based Linux variant. The malware is described as an updated/direct evolution of the earlier WAVESHAPER backdoor previously attributed to UNC1069.

Documented capabilities include reconnaissance and system telemetry collection such as hostname, username, boot time, time zone, OS version, and running process lists; system and file-system enumeration including recursive directory listing with detailed metadata; arbitrary command execution; retrieval and execution of additional payloads; and, on Windows, in-memory Portable Executable injection. WAVESHAPER.V2 communicates with command-and-control infrastructure using Base64-encoded JSON and is reported to beacon every 60 seconds. It accepts its C2 URL via command-line arguments and shares polling behavior and an uncommon User-Agent string with the earlier WAVESHAPER family.

On Windows, reported persistence mechanisms include creation of a hidden batch file at %PROGRAMDATA%\system.bat and a Run key named MicrosoftUpdate under HKCU\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run. Reported filesystem artifacts associated with the campaign include /Library/Caches/com.apple.act.mond on macOS, %PROGRAMDATA%\wt.exe, %PROGRAMDATA%\system.bat, %TEMP%\6202033.vbs, %TEMP%\6202033.ps1 on Windows, and /tmp/ld.py on Linux. Known command-and-control infrastructure mentioned in the reporting includes sfrclak[.]com resolving to 142.11.206.73, with traffic also noted on port 8000.

Google Threat Intelligence Group and related reporting attribute the activity to UNC1069, a financially motivated North Korea-aligned/North Korea-nexus threat actor active since at least 2018, based on WAVESHAPER.V2 lineage, infrastructure overlap, and operational similarities. The broader campaign is tied to software supply-chain compromise and has been discussed in the context of targeting developer environments, CI/CD systems, enterprise software environments, and organizations including the cryptocurrency sector.

Share:
For your environment

Hunt this family in your stack

Mallory pivots from this family to the IOCs, detections, and named campaigns that touch your stack, and pages you when something new lands.

THREAT ACTORS

Groups observed using it

2 distinct threat actors attributed by public researchers. Open in Mallory to see the full evidence chain and overlapping campaigns.

View more details
APT38

Google described WAVESHAPER.V2 as a “fully functional RAT”, capable of reconnaissance (extracting telemetry), command execution (in-memory Portable Executable injection and arbitrary shell commands), and system enumeration (returns detailed metadata).

via techradartechradar.com
Lazarus

This includes the poisoning of the popular Axios npm package to distribute an implant called WAVESHAPER.V2 after taking control of the package maintainer's npm account via a tailored social engineering campaign.

via the hacker newsthehackernews.com
MITRE ATT&CK

Techniques & procedures

23 distinct techniques documented for this family, organized by ATT&CK tactic.

Initial Access

3 techniques
T1078Valid AccountsEvidence1

after taking control of the package maintainer's npm account via a tailored social engineering campaign

T1195Supply Chain CompromiseEvidence9

GTIG said it was monitoring an “active software supply chain attack” targeting Axios... They tried to introduce a malicious dependency named "plain-crypto-js"

T1195.001Compromise Software Dependencies and Development ToolsEvidence1

They tried to introduce a malicious dependency named "plain-crypto-js", an obfuscated dropper that deploys the WAVESHAPER.V2 backdoor across Windows, macOS, and Linux operating systems

Execution

8 techniques
T1059Command and Scripting InterpreterEvidence4
TacticExecution

capable of... command execution... and arbitrary shell commands

T1059.001PowerShellEvidence4
TacticExecution

The shell execution command expects a script and script parameters from C2; if no script is provided, the parameter is executed as a PowerShell command...

T1059.003Windows Command ShellEvidence1
TacticExecution

Command Execution: Supports multiple execution methods, including in-memory Portable Executable (PE) injection and arbitrary shell commands.

T1059.004Unix ShellEvidence1
TacticExecution

macOS: Downloads a C++ Mach-O binary, stores it in /Library/Caches/com.apple.act.mond, and executes it via /bin/zsh.

T1059.005Visual BasicEvidence1
TacticExecution

Windows: Copies PowerShell to %PROGRAMDATA%\wt.exe, disguising it as Windows Terminal, and executes a secondary script via VBScript with registry-based persistence.

T1059.006PythonEvidence2
TacticExecution

Linux: Retrieves a Python-based implant to /tmp/ld.py and executes it in the background using nohup.

T1204User ExecutionEvidence2
TacticExecution

The artificial intelligence (AI) company said a GitHub Actions workflow it uses as part of its macOS app-signing process downloaded and executed Axios version 1.14.1.

T1574.013KernelCallbackTableEvidence1

When developers or automated systems executed npm install axios, npm resolved and installed the injected dependency, triggering execution through the postinstall lifecycle hook.

Persistence

2 techniques
T1078Valid AccountsEvidence1

after taking control of the package maintainer's npm account via a tailored social engineering campaign

T1547.001Registry Run Keys / Startup FolderEvidence2

Windows: Copies PowerShell to %PROGRAMDATA%\wt.exe, disguising it as Windows Terminal, and executes a secondary script via VBScript with registry-based persistence.

T1055Process InjectionEvidence2

capable of... command execution (in-memory Portable Executable injection and arbitrary shell commands)

T1078Valid AccountsEvidence1

after taking control of the package maintainer's npm account via a tailored social engineering campaign

T1547.001Registry Run Keys / Startup FolderEvidence2

Windows: Copies PowerShell to %PROGRAMDATA%\wt.exe, disguising it as Windows Terminal, and executes a secondary script via VBScript with registry-based persistence.

Stealth

6 techniques
T1027Obfuscated Files or InformationEvidence2
TacticStealth

a malicious dependency named "plain-crypto-js", an obfuscated dropper that deploys the WAVESHAPER.V2 backdoor

T1055Process InjectionEvidence2

capable of... command execution (in-memory Portable Executable injection and arbitrary shell commands)

T1070.004File DeletionEvidence1
TacticStealth

Within seconds of execution, the dropper deletes the setup script, removes the postinstall hook, and replaces modified package files with benign decoys.

T1078Valid AccountsEvidence1

after taking control of the package maintainer's npm account via a tailored social engineering campaign

T1574.013KernelCallbackTableEvidence1

When developers or automated systems executed npm install axios, npm resolved and installed the injected dependency, triggering execution through the postinstall lifecycle hook.

T1620Reflective Code LoadingEvidence2
TacticStealth

Command Execution: Supports multiple execution methods, including in-memory Portable Executable (PE) injection...

T1056Input CaptureEvidence1

The goal was credential harvesting and financial theft, facilitated by multiple malware families including WAVESHAPER and SUGARLOADER.

Discovery

3 techniques
T1057Process DiscoveryEvidence1
TacticDiscovery

Reconnaissance: Extracts system telemetry, including hostname, username, boot time, time zone, OS version, and detailed running process lists.

T1082System Information DiscoveryEvidence3
TacticDiscovery

capable of reconnaissance (extracting telemetry)... and system enumeration (returns detailed metadata)

T1083File and Directory DiscoveryEvidence3
TacticDiscovery

Supported command capabilities include: rundir: Enumerate directories and files

Collection

1 technique
T1056Input CaptureEvidence1

The goal was credential harvesting and financial theft, facilitated by multiple malware families including WAVESHAPER and SUGARLOADER.

T1071Application Layer ProtocolEvidence4

WAVESHAPER.V2 communicates using JSON... both versions accept their C2 URL dynamically via command-line arguments, share identical C2 polling behaviors and an uncommon User-Agent string...

T1105Ingress Tool TransferEvidence1

The dropper dynamically retrieved second-stage payloads tailored to the victim’s operating system.

T1219Remote Access ToolsEvidence1

Google described WAVESHAPER.V2 as a “fully functional RAT”, capable of reconnaissance, command execution... and system enumeration

INDICATORS OF COMPROMISE

IOCs tracked for this family

10 indicators attributed across vendor reports, sandbox runs, and researcher write-ups. Full values are available in Mallory.

View more in app
Network
4 tracked

IPs, domains, and DNS infrastructure linked to this family.

Hashes
5 tracked

File hashes (MD5, SHA-1, SHA-256) from samples and reports.

Other
1 tracked

Other indicator types observed in public reporting.

TypeValueLatest sighting
ip.v4●●●●●●●●●●●●View more in app17 days ago
domain●●●●●●●●●●●●View more in app17 days ago
hash.sha256●●●●●●●●●●●●View more in app2 months ago
domain●●●●●●●●●●●●View more in app2 months ago
hash.sha256●●●●●●●●●●●●View more in app2 months ago
hash.sha256●●●●●●●●●●●●View more in app2 months ago
What this page doesn’t show

The version that knows your environment.

This page is what’s public. Mallory adds the parts that aren’t: which of your assets match these IOCs, which detections are missing, which campaigns to expect next, and what to do in the next 30 minutes.
IOC matching10

Match every observed IP, domain, and hash against your live telemetry.

Threat actor attribution2

Named campaigns wielding this family, with evidence pinned to each claim.

Exploited vulnerabilities

CVEs this family uses for access and lateral movement.

Detection signatures

YARA, Sigma, Snort, and vendor rules, auto-deployed to your SIEM.

MITRE ATT&CK mapping23

Every documented technique, ranked by evidence weight.

Researcher chatter

Reddit, Mastodon, and CTI community discussion around this family.