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MalwareUsed by 2 actors

SoullessRAT

SoullessRAT is an obfuscated JavaScript remote access trojan observed in multi-stage intrusion chains attributed to the Versatile Werewolf cluster. It was delivered via the fake UAV training installer AlphaFlyInstallV1-2.msi distributed from alphafly-drones[.]com, a site that mimicked betaflight.com and reused media from obriy[.]airforce. In the documented infection chain, the MSI dropped a PowerShell loader and VBS launcher into %LOCALAPPDATA%\AlphaFlyNew, displayed a fake installation error, downloaded Node.js if needed, executed an obfuscated JavaScript loader, and then retrieved the final SoullessRAT payload from newfolder[.]click, including the observed URL pattern hxxps://newfolder[.]click/?cid=9ebeb834a451460e&mod=main. The malware was described as a final-stage JavaScript RAT previously seen in earlier Versatile Werewolf attacks and reportedly created using generative AI. Reported capabilities include file upload and download, module loading, PowerShell command execution, screenshot capture, system reconnaissance, logical volume enumeration, directory and file listing, Outlook data theft/harvesting, and self-termination. The broader campaign context involved lures themed around drone pilot training and targeted individuals and organizations connected to UAV activity; related reporting also places the wider Werewolf activity against government and industrial targets.

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THREAT ACTORS

Groups observed using it

2 distinct threat actors attributed by public researchers. Open in Mallory to see the full evidence chain and overlapping campaigns.

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Versatile Werewolf

This final stage payload is an obfuscated JavaScript RAT created using generative AI. We named this trojan SoullessRAT.

Eagle Werewolf

Malware Family SoullessRAT Delivered via fake AlphaFly installer in Eagle Werewolf multi-stage attack chain

via cyber security newscybersecuritynews.com
MITRE ATT&CK

Techniques & procedures

21 distinct techniques documented for this family, organized by ATT&CK tactic.

Initial Access

2 techniques
T1566PhishingEvidence1

A separate espionage campaign linked to the Eagle Werewolf cluster used Iraqi hosting on Regxa infrastructure to deploy multiple remote access tools via phishing lures based on Starlink registration and drone training themes.

T1566.002Spearphishing LinkEvidence1

used Iraqi hosting on Regxa infrastructure to deploy multiple remote access tools via phishing lures based on Starlink registration and drone training themes.

Execution

6 techniques
T1059Command and Scripting InterpreterEvidence1
TacticExecution

The loader then fetches the Node.js interpreter (if it is not present in the system) and the next stage obfuscated JS script. Upon downloading all the components, the Node.js interpreter executes the JS script.

T1059.001PowerShellEvidence3
TacticExecution

run-script.ps1, a PowerShell script to load and execute code via PowerShell. The file contains: powershell -w hidden -ep bypass -c "I''E''X...DOWNLOADDaTa(...)"

T1059.005Visual BasicEvidence2
TacticExecution

helper.vbs, a VBS file ... that executes run-script.ps1.

T1059.007JavaScriptEvidence3
TacticExecution

The obfuscated JS script is a loader used to gain a foothold in the compromised system and download the malware... This final stage payload is an obfuscated JavaScript RAT... SoullessRAT.

T1204User ExecutionEvidence1
TacticExecution

Upon execution, StarDebug_1.0.1.msi creates the directory %LOCALAPPDATA%\Star and extracts the following three files to it...

T1204.002Malicious FileEvidence3
TacticExecution

The URL hxxps://battleflight[.]org/download/installer hosted the executable BattleFlight-Install-v11.0.3.exe, a C# dropper disguised as an installer for a drone pilot training simulator.

Stealth

4 techniques
T1027Obfuscated Files or InformationEvidence3
TacticStealth

The appwiz.cpl applet is packed with UPX and obfuscated with Oreans Code Virtualizer.

T1027.013Encrypted/Encoded FileEvidence1
TacticStealth

The dropper contains the EchoGather payload, which is Base64-encoded and XOR-encrypted.

T1036MasqueradingEvidence4
TacticStealth

BattleFlight-Install-v11.0.3.exe, a C# dropper disguised as an installer for a drone pilot training simulator.

T1140Deobfuscate/Decode Files or InformationEvidence1
TacticStealth

the C# dropper contains the EchoGather payload, which is Base64-encoded and XOR-encrypted.

Discovery

2 techniques
T1082System Information DiscoveryEvidence3
TacticDiscovery

EchoGather performs anti-virtualization checks, gathers system information, uploads it to the C2 server...

T1083File and Directory DiscoveryEvidence2
TacticDiscovery

ScanFiles ... The following fields are sent to the endpoint /clients/files: fileName relativePath fullPath fileSize createdDate modifiedDate

Collection

3 techniques
T1005Data from Local SystemEvidence2

Files, uploads a directory/file from the host to the C2 server.

T1113Screen CaptureEvidence3

Key capabilities of SoullessRAT ... takes screenshots

T1114Email CollectionEvidence1

Key capabilities of SoullessRAT ... downloads and runs modules for self-destruction, SSH, and data harvesting from the Outlook mail client

T1071Application Layer ProtocolEvidence2

more than 1,350 active command-and-control (C2) servers were identified across 98 infrastructure providers in the region within just three months.

T1071.001Web ProtocolsEvidence3

The C2 server is queried every 15 seconds.

T1105Ingress Tool TransferEvidence4

The loader then fetches the Node.js interpreter (if it is not present in the system) and the next stage obfuscated JS script.

Exfiltration

1 technique
T1041Exfiltration Over C2 ChannelEvidence1

The payload then enters an endless loop in which it connects to the C2 server, encodes the system information in Base64, and exfiltrates it via an HTTPS POST query.

INDICATORS OF COMPROMISE

IOCs tracked for this family

11 indicators attributed across vendor reports, sandbox runs, and researcher write-ups. Full values are available in Mallory.

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Network
4 tracked

IPs, domains, and DNS infrastructure linked to this family.

Hashes
4 tracked

File hashes (MD5, SHA-1, SHA-256) from samples and reports.

Other
3 tracked

Other indicator types observed in public reporting.

TypeValueLatest sighting
domain●●●●●●●●●●●●View more in app13 days ago
domain●●●●●●●●●●●●View more in app1 month ago
domain●●●●●●●●●●●●View more in app2 months ago
domain●●●●●●●●●●●●View more in app2 months ago
hash.sha256●●●●●●●●●●●●View more in app2 months ago
hash.sha256●●●●●●●●●●●●View more in app2 months ago
What this page doesn’t show

The version that knows your environment.

This page is what’s public. Mallory adds the parts that aren’t: which of your assets match these IOCs, which detections are missing, which campaigns to expect next, and what to do in the next 30 minutes.
IOC matching11

Match every observed IP, domain, and hash against your live telemetry.

Threat actor attribution2

Named campaigns wielding this family, with evidence pinned to each claim.

Exploited vulnerabilities

CVEs this family uses for access and lateral movement.

Detection signatures

YARA, Sigma, Snort, and vendor rules, auto-deployed to your SIEM.

MITRE ATT&CK mapping21

Every documented technique, ranked by evidence weight.

Researcher chatter

Reddit, Mastodon, and CTI community discussion around this family.