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HighCISA KEVExploited in the wildPublic exploit

Unauthenticated Command Injection in TP-Link Archer AX21 /locale Endpoint

IdentifiersCVE-2023-1389CWE-78Also known aszdi_23_451

CVE-2023-1389 is an unauthenticated command injection vulnerability affecting TP-Link Archer AX21 (AX1800) routers running firmware before 1.1.4 Build 20230219. The flaw is in the web management interface’s locale API at /cgi-bin/luci;stok=/locale, specifically the country form write operation. The country parameter is not properly sanitized before being incorporated into a shell command and executed via popen(); supporting reporting also identifies the vulnerable code path as involving merge_country_config / merge_config_by_country and the set_country handler. Because attacker-controlled input reaches a system command without proper neutralization, a remote attacker can send a crafted POST request and inject arbitrary shell commands. Successful exploitation results in command execution in the root context on the router.

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ANALYST BRIEF

Impact, mitigation & remediation

What it means. What to do now. Patch path, mitigations, and the assume-compromise checklist.

Impact

What an attacker gets, and what they’ve been doing with it.

Successful exploitation allows unauthenticated arbitrary command execution as root on the affected router. This can lead to full device compromise, installation of malware or botnet payloads, persistence attempts, configuration tampering, traffic interception or manipulation, use of the router as a foothold into the local network, and use of the device for follow-on activity such as DDoS participation. Multiple reports in the provided content note active in-the-wild exploitation by Mirai-derived and other botnets.

Mitigation

If you can’t patch tonight, do this now.

If immediate patching is not possible, restrict exposure of the router’s web management interface to trusted networks only, disable remote/web administration where not required, and prevent WAN access to administrative endpoints. Change default or weak administrator credentials to strong unique passwords. Monitor for unexpected POST requests to /cgi-bin/luci;stok=/locale, suspicious process execution, and indicators of botnet infection. Network segmentation and ACLs limiting access to the management plane can reduce exploitability until firmware is updated.

Remediation

Patch, then assume compromise.

Upgrade affected TP-Link Archer AX21 devices to fixed firmware. The provided content states vulnerable versions are firmware versions before 1.1.4 Build 20230219 and that TP-Link issued firmware updates in March 2023 to correct the issue. Apply the latest vendor firmware available for the specific hardware revision and verify the device is no longer running a vulnerable build.
PUBLIC EXPLOITS

Exploits

2 valid exploits after Mallory filtered fakes, detection scripts, and README-only repos (1 hidden).

VALID 2 / 3 TOTALView more in app
CVE-2023-1389MaturityPoCVerified exploit

This repository is a Go-based proof-of-concept exploit for CVE-2023-1389, targeting TP-Link Archer AX21 routers vulnerable to unauthenticated command injection. The main file, main.go, reads a list of target IP addresses from 'list.txt' and attempts to exploit each by sending a crafted HTTPS request to the /cgi-bin/luci/ endpoint, injecting a reverse shell payload. The payload causes the target device to connect back to the attacker's netcat listener, granting a remote shell. The exploit supports concurrent execution using goroutines and a concurrency manager. The repository includes a README with usage instructions, a Go module definition, and dependencies for command-line flag parsing and concurrency control. No detection or scanning functionality is present; the tool is strictly for exploitation. The main attack vector is network-based, exploiting a web interface on the target devices.

werwolfzDisclosed Dec 25, 2023gonetwork
CVE-2023-1389MaturityPoCVerified exploit

This repository contains two Python proof-of-concept exploits for CVE-2023-1389, an unauthenticated command injection vulnerability in the TP-Link Archer AX21 (AX1800) router's web management interface. The vulnerability exists in the 'country' parameter of the 'write' callback at the '/cgi-bin/luci/;stok=/locale' endpoint, allowing arbitrary command execution as root without authentication. - 'archer-file-transfer.py' allows the attacker to execute arbitrary commands on the router and exfiltrate their output by writing to '/tmp/out' and transferring it via netcat to the attacker's machine. - 'archer-rev-shell.py' provides a simpler method to obtain a reverse shell on the attacker's system using netcat. Both scripts require the attacker to specify the router's IP, their own IP, and a listening port. The exploit works by sending crafted GET requests to the vulnerable endpoint, leveraging command injection in the 'country' parameter. The README provides usage instructions and mitigation advice. The repository is structured with a README and two Python scripts, both of which are functional proof-of-concept exploits for the described vulnerability.

Voyag3r-SecurityDisclosed Jul 28, 2023pythonnetwork
EXPOSURE SURFACE

Affected products & vendors

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VendorProductType
TP-LinkArcher Ax21 Firmwareoperating_system

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Exposure mapping

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Threat actor evidence1

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Associated malware22

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Detection signatures2

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Vendor-by-vendor mapping

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Social activity11

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