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Local privilege escalation in Android Kernel pKVM mem_protect.c

IdentifiersCVE-2025-48637CWE-190· Integer Overflow or Wraparound

CVE-2025-48637 is a critical elevation-of-privilege vulnerability in the Android kernel's protected KVM (pKVM) component. According to the provided bulletin text, multiple functions in mem_protect.c contain an integer overflow that can result in an out-of-bounds write. This memory corruption condition can be triggered locally and may allow an attacker to break intended memory-safety guarantees within the pKVM subsystem. Because pKVM is used to enforce isolation of sensitive code and data on Android devices, corruption in this area can undermine core security boundaries. The issue does not require user interaction and is described as exploitable without additional execution privileges.

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ANALYST BRIEF

Impact, mitigation & remediation

What it means. What to do now. Patch path, mitigations, and the assume-compromise checklist.

Impact

What an attacker gets, and what they’ve been doing with it.

Successful exploitation can lead to local escalation of privilege on affected Android devices. Given the vulnerability is in the kernel pKVM subsystem, exploitation may allow an attacker to gain elevated privileges beyond the originating local context and potentially compromise isolation guarantees relied upon for sensitive workloads. As characterized in the bulletin, this is a critical kernel EoP issue, so impact may include compromise of device security boundaries and broader control over the affected system.

Mitigation

If you can’t patch tonight, do this now.

The primary mitigation is prompt installation of the December 2025 Android security update, preferably to security patch level 2025-12-05 or later. Until patched, reduce exposure by limiting the ability to run untrusted local code or applications on affected devices, enforcing application control in managed environments, and prioritizing vendor firmware updates for supported Android 13-16 devices. On Google Mobile Services devices, Google Play Protect may provide some risk reduction against malicious apps, but it is not a substitute for patching this kernel flaw.

Remediation

Patch, then assume compromise.

Apply the Android December 2025 security updates that include the fix for CVE-2025-48637. The provided content indicates that full coverage for this kernel pKVM issue is included in the 2025-12-05 Android security patch level. Device OEMs and downstream integrators should incorporate the relevant kernel/AOSP fixes for the pKVM mem_protect.c integer-overflow and out-of-bounds-write condition and ship updated firmware/images to supported devices.
PUBLIC EXPLOITS

Exploits

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VALID 0 / 0 TOTALView more in app

No public exploit code observed for this vulnerability.

EXPOSURE SURFACE

Affected products & vendors

Products and vendors Mallory has correlated with this vulnerability. Open in Mallory to drill down to specific CPE configurations and version ranges.

VendorProductType
GoogleAndroidoperating_system

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What this page doesn’t show

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Exposure mapping

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Threat actor evidence

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Associated malware

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Detection signatures

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Vendor-by-vendor mapping

Cross-references every affected SKU, including bundled OEM variants.

Social activity5

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