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Mallory
High

Remote Code Execution in Windows Routing and Remote Access Service (RRAS)

IdentifiersCVE-2025-64678CWE-122· Heap-based Buffer Overflow

CVE-2025-64678 is a high-severity remote code execution vulnerability in Windows Routing and Remote Access Service (RRAS). The flaw is described as a heap-based buffer overflow in RRAS that can be triggered over the network by an unauthorized attacker. Available source material indicates the weakness maps to CWE-122 and carries a CVSS v3.1 score of 8.8 with vector AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H, indicating network reachability, low attack complexity, no privileges required, and user interaction required. Specific vulnerable functions or code paths were not provided in the supplied content.

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For your environment

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ANALYST BRIEF

Impact, mitigation & remediation

What it means. What to do now. Patch path, mitigations, and the assume-compromise checklist.

Impact

What an attacker gets, and what they’ve been doing with it.

Successful exploitation can result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the vulnerable RRAS service. Given the CVSS impact metrics (C:H/I:H/A:H), exploitation may enable full compromise of confidentiality, integrity, and availability on the affected system, including execution of attacker-controlled code and potential service disruption.

Mitigation

If you can’t patch tonight, do this now.

Until patches are fully deployed, reduce exposure by disabling RRAS where not required, restricting network access to RRAS systems through segmentation and firewall policy, and limiting which users can initiate interactions that could satisfy the user-interaction requirement. Monitor RRAS hosts for anomalous network activity and signs of exploitation. The supplied content does not provide any vendor-published workaround beyond patching.

Remediation

Patch, then assume compromise.

Apply Microsoft's December 9, 2025 security update for CVE-2025-64678 via the Microsoft Security Update/Update Guide and the relevant cumulative or product-specific patches for affected Windows systems running RRAS. Because the provided content does not enumerate exact KB numbers or affected product versions for this CVE, consult the MSRC Update Guide entry for CVE-2025-64678 and deploy the corresponding vendor fixes across exposed RRAS installations.
PUBLIC EXPLOITS

Exploits

No public exploits tracked yet. Mallory keeps watching.

VALID 0 / 0 TOTALView more in app

No public exploit code observed for this vulnerability.

EXPOSURE SURFACE

Affected products & vendors

Products and vendors Mallory has correlated with this vulnerability. Open in Mallory to drill down to specific CPE configurations and version ranges.

VendorProductType
Microsoft CorporationWindows 10 1607operating_system
Microsoft CorporationWindows 10 1809operating_system
Microsoft CorporationWindows 10 21h2operating_system
Microsoft CorporationWindows 10 22h2operating_system
Microsoft CorporationWindows 11 23h2operating_system
Microsoft CorporationWindows 11 24h2operating_system
Microsoft CorporationWindows 11 25h2operating_system
Microsoft CorporationWindows Server 2008operating_system
Microsoft CorporationWindows Server 2008 R2operating_system
Microsoft CorporationWindows Server 2008 Sp2operating_system
Microsoft CorporationWindows Server 2012operating_system
Microsoft CorporationWindows Server 2012 R2operating_system
Microsoft CorporationWindows Server 2016operating_system
Microsoft CorporationWindows Server 2019operating_system
Microsoft CorporationWindows Server 2022operating_system
Microsoft CorporationWindows Server 2022 23h2operating_system
Microsoft CorporationWindows Server 2025operating_system
Microsoft CorporationWindows Server 23h2operating_system

Vendor-confirmed product mapping. Mallory continuously reconciles this list against your asset inventory.

What this page doesn’t show

The version that knows your environment.

This page is what’s public. Mallory adds the parts that aren’t: which of your assets are affected, which adversaries are exploiting it right now, which detections to deploy, and what to do tonight.
Exposure mapping

Query your assets running an affected version, and investigate the blast radius.

Threat actor evidence

Every observed campaign linking this CVE to a named adversary.

Associated malware

Malware families riding this exploit, with evidence and IOCs.

Detection signatures

YARA, Sigma, Snort, and vendor rules, auto-deployed to your SIEM.

Vendor-by-vendor mapping

Cross-references every affected SKU, including bundled OEM variants.

Social activity2

Community discussion across Reddit, Mastodon, and other social sources.