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OS Command Injection in Fortinet FortiSandbox (CVE-2025-53949)

IdentifiersCVE-2025-53949CWE-78· Improper Neutralization of Special…

CVE-2025-53949 is an OS command injection vulnerability (CWE-78) in Fortinet FortiSandbox versions 5.0.0 through 5.0.2, 4.4.0 through 4.4.7, all 4.2.x, and all 4.0.x releases. The vulnerability exists due to improper neutralization of special elements used in OS commands, allowing an authenticated attacker to send crafted HTTP requests that result in execution of unauthorized code or commands on the underlying system. This can lead to full system compromise. The vulnerability is remotely exploitable and has a CVSS 3.1 base score of 8.8.

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ANALYST BRIEF

Impact, mitigation & remediation

What it means. What to do now. Patch path, mitigations, and the assume-compromise checklist.

Impact

What an attacker gets, and what they’ve been doing with it.

Successful exploitation allows an authenticated attacker to execute arbitrary code or commands on the underlying FortiSandbox system, potentially resulting in full compromise of confidentiality, integrity, and availability. Attackers may gain persistent access, exfiltrate sensitive data, or use the compromised system as a pivot point for further attacks.

Mitigation

If you can’t patch tonight, do this now.

Restrict access to the FortiSandbox management interface to trusted networks and users only. Monitor for suspicious HTTP requests and review authentication logs for unusual activity. Implement network segmentation and access controls to limit exposure until patches can be applied.

Remediation

Patch, then assume compromise.

Upgrade FortiSandbox to version 5.0.3 or above for 5.0.x, 4.4.8 or above for 4.4.x, or migrate to a fixed release for 4.2.x and 4.0.x. Apply all relevant security patches from Fortinet as soon as possible. Review Fortinet's advisory FG-IR-25-479 for detailed guidance.
PUBLIC EXPLOITS

Exploits

No public exploits tracked yet. Mallory keeps watching.

VALID 0 / 0 TOTALView more in app

No public exploit code observed for this vulnerability.

EXPOSURE SURFACE

Affected products & vendors

Products and vendors Mallory has correlated with this vulnerability. Open in Mallory to drill down to specific CPE configurations and version ranges.

VendorProductType
FortinetFortisandboxapplication

Vendor-confirmed product mapping. Mallory continuously reconciles this list against your asset inventory.

ACTIVITY FEED

Recent activity

6 sources tracked across advisories, community write-ups, and news. New activity surfaces here as Mallory finds it.

6 SOURCESView more in app
What this page doesn’t show

The version that knows your environment.

This page is what’s public. Mallory adds the parts that aren’t: which of your assets are affected, which adversaries are exploiting it right now, which detections to deploy, and what to do tonight.
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Exposure mapping

Query your assets running an affected version, and investigate the blast radius.

Threat actor evidence

Every observed campaign linking this CVE to a named adversary.

Associated malware

Malware families riding this exploit, with evidence and IOCs.

Detection signatures1

YARA, Sigma, Snort, and vendor rules, auto-deployed to your SIEM.

Vendor-by-vendor mapping

Cross-references every affected SKU, including bundled OEM variants.

Social activity4

Community discussion across Reddit, Mastodon, and other social sources.

EXTERNAL REFERENCES
MITRE CVE
cve.org · CVE-2025-53949
NVD
nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-53949
MITRE CWE · CWE-78
Improper Neutralization of Special Elements…
Vendor Advisory
fortiguard.fortinet.com/psirt/FG-IR-25-479