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CriticalCISA KEVExploited in the wildPublic exploit

Authentication Bypass in FortiOS and FortiProxy Node.js WebSocket Module

IdentifiersCVE-2024-55591CWE-288· Authentication Bypass Using an…

CVE-2024-55591 is an authentication bypass vulnerability in the FortiOS and FortiProxy management interface. According to the provided content, the flaw affects FortiOS 7.0.0 through 7.0.16 and FortiProxy 7.0.0 through 7.0.19 and 7.2.0 through 7.2.12. The vulnerability is classified as CWE-288 and allows a remote attacker to obtain super-admin privileges by sending crafted requests to the Node.js WebSocket module; vendor advisory context also notes crafted CSF proxy requests as an alternate exploitation path. The issue impacts the administrative plane rather than ordinary user functionality, enabling unauthorized administrative login and subsequent configuration changes on vulnerable devices.

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ANALYST BRIEF

Impact, mitigation & remediation

What it means. What to do now. Patch path, mitigations, and the assume-compromise checklist.

Impact

What an attacker gets, and what they’ve been doing with it.

Successful exploitation allows an unauthenticated remote attacker to bypass authentication on the management interface and gain super-admin privileges on the affected FortiOS or FortiProxy device. With that level of access, an attacker can create or modify administrator accounts, alter firewall and VPN settings, create REST API users, disable or evade logging, authenticate to SSL VPN, change security controls, and use the appliance as an initial access foothold into the internal network. The provided content also states the vulnerability has been actively exploited in the wild, including in ransomware operations.

Mitigation

If you can’t patch tonight, do this now.

If immediate patching is not possible, disable the HTTP/HTTPS administrative interface or strictly restrict administrative interface access to trusted IP addresses and networks using local-in policies. Use non-standard, non-guessable administrative usernames as an additional precaution. For the CSF-related attack path, disable Security Fabric from the CLI if operationally feasible. More broadly, restrict management-plane exposure from the Internet, terminate active administrative and SSL VPN sessions if compromise is suspected, enforce MFA where applicable, and conduct forensic review of potentially affected systems.

Remediation

Patch, then assume compromise.

Upgrade affected products to fixed releases identified in the provided advisories. For FortiOS 7.0, upgrade to 7.0.17 or later. For FortiProxy 7.0, upgrade to 7.0.20 or later. For FortiProxy 7.2, upgrade to 7.2.13 or later. Follow Fortinet's recommended upgrade path and apply all relevant vendor patches as soon as possible. Because the vulnerability has been actively exploited, organizations should also perform a compromise assessment on exposed devices and review for unauthorized accounts, configuration changes, VPN activity, and other indicators of post-exploitation.
PUBLIC EXPLOITS

Exploits

5 valid exploits after Mallory filtered fakes, detection scripts, and README-only repos (3 hidden).

VALID 5 / 8 TOTALView more in app
CVE-2024-55591-POCMaturityPoCVerified exploit

This repository contains a single Python proof-of-concept exploit (CVE 2024 55591 PoC.py) targeting CVE-2024-55591, a FortiOS WebSocket CLI authentication bypass vulnerability. The exploit allows unauthenticated attackers to connect to the FortiOS WebSocket CLI endpoint and execute arbitrary CLI commands, including resetting admin passwords. The script first verifies the target is a FortiOS device and checks for the presence of the vulnerability. It then establishes a WebSocket connection to the /ws/cli/open endpoint, bypasses authentication, and provides an interactive shell or executes a password reset script. The repository also includes a README with usage instructions and a LICENSE file. The main attack vector is network-based, targeting the FortiOS Web GUI (typically on port 443). The exploit is a functional PoC, not weaponized, and does not belong to any exploit framework.

UMChackerDisclosed May 26, 2025pythonnetwork
CVE-2024-55591-POCMaturityPoCVerified exploit

This repository provides a comprehensive, operational Python-based exploit for CVE-2024-55591 (and CVE-2025-24472), targeting Fortinet FortiOS and FortiProxy devices. The exploit leverages a critical authentication bypass in the WebSocket/Telnet management interface, allowing attackers to gain super-admin CLI access without valid credentials. The repository includes three main Python scripts: - 'attack.py': The primary PoC for single-target exploitation, featuring dependency auto-installation, optional nmap port scanning, vulnerability checks, and interactive command execution post-exploit. - 'attack-v2.py': An enhanced version with more aggressive features, including parallel port/user exploitation, expanded username dictionaries, stealthier probes, and advanced post-exploitation commands. - 'mass-attack/attack.py': A multi-target version that reads a list of hosts, scans each for open ports, and attempts exploitation in both HTTP and HTTPS modes, supporting batch operations. The scripts check for the presence of the Fortinet management interface by probing endpoints such as '/login?redir=/ng' and 'service-worker.js?local_access_token=ScaryBYte', and confirm vulnerability by searching for specific strings in responses. Upon successful exploitation, the attacker is granted a Telnet-like CLI session, enabling execution of arbitrary system and diagnostic commands. The repository is well-documented, with detailed usage instructions, affected version ranges, and references to the official Fortinet advisory. The exploit is operational, not just a detection script, and is suitable for both targeted and mass exploitation scenarios.

exfil0Disclosed Jan 29, 2025pythonmarkdownnetwork
CVE-2024-55591MaturityPoCVerified exploit

This repository provides a working proof-of-concept exploit for CVE-2024-55591, a critical authentication bypass vulnerability in Fortinet FortiOS and FortiProxy. The main exploit script (CVE-2024-55591.py) is a Python tool that connects to the target's WebSocket CLI interface using a hardcoded local_access_token and a crafted authentication string. By exploiting a race condition and improper validation of the local_access_token parameter, the script bypasses authentication and allows the attacker to execute arbitrary commands as a super-admin. The exploit requires the attacker to know a valid admin username and network access to the target's WebSocket CLI endpoint (typically on port 443). The repository also includes a detailed markdown writeup explaining the vulnerability, its root cause, and the patch diff analysis. No detection scripts or fake code are present; the exploit is functional and demonstrates the vulnerability's impact.

virus-or-notDisclosed Jan 24, 2025pythonnetwork
fortios-auth-bypass-poc-CVE-2024-55591MaturityPoCVerified exploit

This repository contains a proof-of-concept (PoC) exploit for CVE-2024-55591, an authentication bypass vulnerability affecting Fortinet FortiOS (FortiGate) and FortiProxy management interfaces. The main file, 'CVE-2024-55591-PoC.py', is a Python script that performs pre-flight checks to confirm the target is a FortiOS management interface and is vulnerable. It then establishes a WebSocket connection to the management interface, exploiting a race condition and authentication bypass to send arbitrary CLI commands as an administrator. The script is configurable via command-line arguments for the target host, port, command to execute, and whether to use SSL. The README.md provides usage instructions, affected versions, and references to further technical details. The exploit is network-based, targeting HTTP/HTTPS endpoints exposed by the FortiOS management interface, and does not require prior authentication. The PoC demonstrates the ability to execute system commands and retrieve their output, confirming successful exploitation.

watchtowrlabsDisclosed Jan 27, 2025pythonnetwork
fortios-auth-bypass-poc-CVE-2024-55591MaturityPoCVerified exploit

This repository contains a proof-of-concept (PoC) exploit for CVE-2024-55591, an authentication bypass vulnerability affecting Fortinet FortiOS (7.0.0-7.0.16) and FortiProxy (7.0.0-7.0.19, 7.2.0-7.2.12). The main exploit is implemented in 'poc.py', a Python script that establishes a TLS connection to the target device, upgrades the connection to a WebSocket session at a specific endpoint, and sends a crafted subscription message to access system event logs without authentication. The script demonstrates the vulnerability by printing received log data. The repository also includes a README with usage instructions, affected versions, and output examples. The exploit requires network access to the target's WebSocket service (default port 443) and does not require valid credentials. No weaponized payload is included; the PoC is limited to log retrieval via the bypassed authentication mechanism.

sysirqDisclosed Jan 21, 2025pythonnetwork
EXPOSURE SURFACE

Affected products & vendors

Products and vendors Mallory has correlated with this vulnerability. Open in Mallory to drill down to specific CPE configurations and version ranges.

VendorProductType
FortinetFortiosoperating_system
FortinetFortiproxyapplication

Vendor-confirmed product mapping. Mallory continuously reconciles this list against your asset inventory.

What this page doesn’t show

The version that knows your environment.

This page is what’s public. Mallory adds the parts that aren’t: which of your assets are affected, which adversaries are exploiting it right now, which detections to deploy, and what to do tonight.
Exposure mapping

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Threat actor evidence18

Every observed campaign linking this CVE to a named adversary.

Associated malware23

Malware families riding this exploit, with evidence and IOCs.

Detection signatures1

YARA, Sigma, Snort, and vendor rules, auto-deployed to your SIEM.

Vendor-by-vendor mapping

Cross-references every affected SKU, including bundled OEM variants.

Social activity42

Community discussion across Reddit, Mastodon, and other social sources.